This is a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of SER-109 versus placebo in adult subjects 18 years of age or older with recurrent CDI, defined as: a history of 3 CDI episodes within 9 months, inclusive of the current episode designed to demonstrate the superiority of SER-109 versus placebo to reduce recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults who have received antibacterial drug treatment for recurrent CDI (RCDI), based on the proportion of subjects experiencing a CDI recurrence