Increasing evidence supports the role of arsenic exposure in the development of diabetes. This study will evaluate the role of arsenic exposure and metabolism and their interaction with genetic markers in the development of diabetes in American Indian communities. This study can provide insight into the arsenic- diabetes relationship and inform public health recommendations for arsenic levels in drinking water and food.

Ebola virus causes highly lethal viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome and has been classified as a Category A bioweapons agents by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It can be used as a potential biological weapon due to their ease of dissemination, person-to person transmissibility and stability in aerosolized form. There is no effective vaccine or antivirals against Ebola virus infection in humans.

Adolescent substance use is common and associated with both significant negative individual consequences and substantial costs to society. The proposed study will capitalize on a cost-effective opportunity to identify neurobiological mechanisms underlying risks for, and consequences of, adolescent substance use. Tests will be conducted in adolescents with high (n= 68) and low (n = 34) familial risk for substance use disorders, selected from a larger ongoing longitudinal study that is testing causal relationships between the development of impulse control and substance use.

This project is a novel approach to detecting and identifying viruses rapidly and quantitatively on a compact, portable platform suitable for point-of-care diagnostics. The proposed optofluidic platform would impact public health in a number of ways, including screening for outbreaks of biodefense and emerging pathogens, rapid decision making in patient diagnosis, or continuing viral load monitoring for disease management.

Adolescent substance use is common and associated with both significant negative individual consequences and substantial costs to society. The proposed study will capitalize on a cost-effective opportunity to identify neurobiological mechanisms underlying risks for, and consequences of, adolescent substance use. Tests will be conducted in adolescents with high (n= 68) and low (n = 34) familial risk for substance use disorders, selected from a larger ongoing longitudinal study that is testing causal relationships between the development of impulse control and substance use.

Filoviruses are etiologic agents that cause highly lethal hemorrhagic fevers and can be transmitted via person-to-person contact, thus posing a high threat to public health. We have recently demonstrated the combined benefit of two non-viral-vector based vaccine platforms and its potential for the development of an efficacious vaccine against EBOV infection.

Our overall objective is to elucidate how extracellular matrix (ECM) stimulates hormone production. Several estrogen-dependent pathological conditions including breast cancer, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis are associated with local overexpression of aromatase, a key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis and important therapeutic target for postmenopausal ER+ breast cancer. In addition, excessive aromatase expression in adipose tissue at least partially accounts for obesity-associated breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women.

The Serotonin Club, founded in 1987, is an international association for biomedical scientists who are interested in research on any aspect of serotonin. An important objective of the Club is to facilitate the involvement of young investigators, comprising students, post-doctoral fellows and junior researchers (less than 3 years past their post-doctoral fellowship) in an international high-quality scientific meeting withserotonin as its central theme.

Depression and related disorders are a major public health problem, compounded by the fact that at least half of patients are not effectively treated by currently available medications. Among the most commonly prescribed is the class of selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which act to inhibit 5-HT transporter (SERT) mediated 5-HT uptake. The increase in extracellular 5-HT that follows is thought to be critical for initiation of the cascade of downstream events needed for therapeutic effects.

This is a multicenter, prospective, parallel, double-blinded, validation study of up to 12 weeks duration to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of CDO for the treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers at over 30 centers in the United States. The primary objectives of this study are: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of CDO in combination with standard MWT on wound healing as compared to standard MWT alone; and 2) screening for potential safety issues.